Pesta porcina

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Pesta porcina africana (PPA) este o boala periculoasa, fara tratament sau vaccin in momentul de fata, care afecteaza speciile domestice si salbatice de porcine. Boala a fost introdusa in Europa in anul 2007 - deseurile alimentare - infectate - provenite dintr-un cargou venit din sud-estul Africii au fost folosite pentru hranirea unor porcine in Georgia. De aici boala s-a raspandit rapid in restul Caucazului si in Federatia Rusa, ajungand anul trecut la granita Uniunii Europene - iar in acest an chiar pe teritoriul Comunitatii.

Boala a fost descoperita pentru prima data in Kenya, o tara situata in est-centrul Africii. Boala este prezenta in mai multe tari subsahariene, inclusiv Madagascar. Boala a aparut pentru prima data pe teritoriul Europei in anul 1957 la Lisabona (Portugalia), cand deseurile alimentare provenite de pe avioane au fost folosite pentru hranirea unor porcine din zona aeroportului din oras. Boala a fost activa in Europa timp de mai multe decenii, fiind raportate cazuri in Spania si Portugalia, pana la eradicarea sa la inceputul anilor 1990. Ultima zona in care boala este endemica este insula Sardinia.

Pesta porcina africana are o perioada de incubatie de 3 - 15 zile in mod obisnuit, sau de 3-4 zile in forma sa acuta. Este o boala foarte infectioasa, afectand porcinele de toate varstele si sexele. Una dintre problemele legate de depistarea bolii este ca nu exista un semn specific care sa indice prezenta bolii - chiar si mortalitatea ridicata a animalelor reprezinta doar un indiciu ca e vorba de pesta porcina - clasica sau africana.

Cand devine evidenta, boala poate avea diferite forme: preacuta, acuta, subacuta si cronica. Simptomele formelor preacuta si acuta sunt:

- moartea subita a animalelor cu indicii aproape inexistente privind cauza mortii

- febra ridicata, de 40 - 42 grade

- inrosirea pielii (vizibila doar la speciile de porcine cu pielea palida), in special la varful urechilor, coada, extremitati distale, pe piept si in zona abdomenului

- scaderea apetitului, apatie, cianoza si lipsa de coordonare motorica la 24-48 de ore inaintea mortii

- voma, diaree (uneori chiar cu sange), scurgeri din ochi

- moarte in cel mult 20 de zile

- avort

Rata de mortalitate a bolii este deseori 100% in cazul porcinelor domestice.

Virusul pestei porcine africane se transmite prin contact direct intre animale, sau indirect, prin hranirea animalelor cu laturi care contin carne sau produse secundare care provin de la animale infectate, capuse (Ornithodoros) care s-au hranit din animale infectate, sau chiar prin ustensile, haine, furaje contaminate. Virusul PPA supravietuieste timp de 6-10 zile in materialele fecale a animalelor infectate, pana la 3-6 luni in produsele din carne de porc netratate termic si mai multi ani in carnea de porc congelata.

In momentul de fata nu exista nici vaccin, nici tratament pentru infectiile cu pesta porcina africana. Singurele metode de preventie eficiente sunt mentinerea unui nivel inalt de biosecuritate la ferme si controlul potrivit a posibilelor focare de infectie - raportare, carantina stricta, eradicarea animalelor susceptibile.

Mai multe boli - pesta porcina clasica, sindromul respirator si de reproductie la porcine (PRRS), infectii cu streptococi, salmonella sau leptospiroza, si multe altele - pot produce simptome similare pestei porcine africane, de aceea este important ca, in caz de suspiciune, sa se efectueze un control amanuntit la un laborator national de referinta.

Melanom malign

Revista Farmacia ta nr. 196 martie 2018

Alcool

How Alcohol Damages Your Brain

In a recent study, researchers discovered that creatine and choline concentrations in your brain decrease as the concentration of alcohol increases. Creatine is involved in energy metabolism and protects your brain cells, and choline is a component of your cell membranes.

Researcher Armin Biller said,

"That probably indicates that alcohol triggers changes in the composition of cell membranes.

Our follow-ups on the next day showed that the shifts in brain metabolites after moderate consumption of alcohol by healthy persons are completely reversible. However, we assume that the brain's ability to recover from the effect of alcohol decreases or is eliminated as the consumption of alcohol increases.

The acute effects demonstrated in our study could possibly form the basis for the permanent brain damage that is known to occur in alcoholics. "

Another recent study published in the April issue of Human Psychopharmacology addresses the chronic effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption on the structural and functional properties of your brain.

Using Magnetic Resonance Induction (MRI) studies, they found a linear negative effect of alcohol consumption on brain volume. They concluded that the brain shrinkage reported as a result of low to moderate alcohol consumption offers more support for the contention that alcohol is, overall, more detrimental than beneficial to your brain health and cognition. 

Yet another study published in the March/April issue of Alcohol & Alcoholism adds to the most recent lineup of studies linking regular alcohol consumption with various forms of brain damage.

In that study the researchers concluded that:

“Even heavy social drinkers who have no specific neurological or hepatic problems show signs of regional brain damage and cognitive dysfunction.

Changes are more severe and other brain regions are damaged in patients who have additional vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency (Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome).”

Other Health Hazards of Alcohol Consumption

My position is that it’s never a good idea to drink alcohol.

After all, alcohol is a neurotoxin -- it can poison your brain. Even moderate amounts of alcohol are not recommended, because alcohol can also:

·         Make you more vulnerable to various preventable cancers

·         Harm your body's delicate hormonal balance

·         Cause liver damage

It goes without saying that alcohol should be entirely avoided during pregnancy as it can cause severe damage to your unborn child.

In addition, alcohol consumption has also been found to blunt the responsiveness of your hypothalamus to immune- and other non-immune signals.  An impaired physical stress response is believed to affect several body systems, including your immune system’s ability to fight infection, and, again, can hinder your brain cells’ ability to learn and remember.

What About Red Wine?

Red wine is often cited as being a good source of resveratrol, a potent antioxidant that has been shown to increase lifespan in a manner similar to calorie restriction. But what is frequently overlooked is the fact that there are many other, far safer sources of resveratrol.

For example, instead of red wine, you can use a grape seed supplement such as Purple Defense. Because although resveratrol is found in grapes, it is likely that there are other accessory micronutrients and trace elements that enhance resveratrol’s benefits, so taking the entire whole unprocessed food (minus the carbohydrate loaded sweet pulp) will give you the most benefit.

Resveratrol is also found in raspberries, mulberries and peanuts.

Other potent sources of antioxidants include grape pomace, blueberries, and green tea.

Red wine is definitely NOT your best source of antioxidants, as some studies would suggest. There are major benefits to consuming the bioflavanoids that are present in grape seeds and grape skins, but NOT in the alcohol caused by fermenting the sugar in the grape pulp.

Consuming large amounts of wine will also increase your insulin levels, which will eventually have a negative impact on your health.

How to REALLY Boost Your Brain Health

Drinking alcohol to reduce your risk of heart disease or dementia is clearly not your best option.

Heart disease, for example, is actually fairly easy to prevent by implementing simple lifestyle changes, which I’ve discussed at length in previous articles.

And as for fighting age-related cognitive decline, there are far healthier, safer, and proven ways to stay mentally sharp into old age. Here are a few of my most effective strategies:

Eat a nutritious diet, paying particular attention to avoiding sugar and consuming plenty of vegetables

Eat plenty of high-quality omega-3 fats

 Avoid most fish and remove mercury from your body

Avoid aluminum found in drinking water, antiperspirants, cookware, etc.

Exercise regularly

Challenge your mind with activities such as traveling, learning to play an instrument or doing crossword puzzles

Try Purple Defense, an all-natural supplement made from muscadine grape seeds; natures number one source for resveratrol, which can cross your blood-brain barrier to help protect brain cells

ANUNT!

Am primit cu mare bucurie vestea ca la 40 de ani de cand am cantat Gaudeamus Igitur noi absolventii promotiei 1978 ai Liceului Spiru C. Haret din Tulcea suntem in masura sa ocupam ca in mileniul trecut timp de 12 ani locuri in banci! La posta si farmacie glumesc cu functionarele ca sunt vesnic tinere ca sunt conduse de diriginti!

Deci data este 15 septembrie 2018. Luminita Arhire este persoana care ajutata de colegii de acasa, organizeaza evenimentul. M-ar bucura ca din colegi sa existe ca o rasplata ca se mai uita pe FB la ce mai postez, unii care sa afle despre acest minunat eveniment de aici. Bonus:

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Atque irrisores.

Ubi sunt qui ante nos

In mundo fuere?

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Semper sint in flore.

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Fiindcă dup-o tinerețe agitată,

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Oricine-ar râde de-aceasta, să piară!

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